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Christmas Returns to Bethlehem After Two Years of War

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Bethlehem resumed full Christmas celebrations for the first time since the Gaza war began in 2023, following a fragile ceasefire, as the West Bank city seeks economic recovery while mourning continued losses in Gaza.

Bethlehem, the traditional birthplace of Jesus in the occupied West Bank, has resumed full Christmas celebrations in 2025 for the first time since the Gaza war began in October 2023. 

Major public festivities had been canceled in both 2023 and 2024 as an expression of solidarity with Palestinians in Gaza amid widespread destruction and loss of life. 

The decision to revive celebrations this year reflects both a fragile shift in regional conditions and the city’s urgent economic needs.

The symbolic restart came on December 6, 2025, with the lighting of a giant Christmas tree in Manger Square.

The event drew hundreds of local residents, marking a visible return of public life to the historic center. 

While foreign tourism remains below pre-war levels, streets have once again been decorated with lights, Christmas markets have reopened, and parades have returned to the city’s narrow streets. 

Midnight Mass at the Church of the Nativity is expected to proceed with renewed energy, restoring one of Christianity’s most significant annual rituals.

Local officials link the return of celebrations to a fragile ceasefire in Gaza brokered earlier in 2025. 

While far from a comprehensive political settlement, the truce created enough space for Palestinian authorities and church leaders in Bethlehem to approve the resumption of public festivities. 

The move is also closely tied to economic survival. Tourism accounts for roughly 80 percent of Bethlehem’s income, making prolonged shutdowns unsustainable for the city’s predominantly service-based economy.

The impact of the war on livelihoods has been severe. 

During the height of the conflict, unemployment in Bethlehem surged from about 14 percent to 65 percent, according to local estimates. 

Thousands of residents left the city in search of work abroad, hollowing out neighborhoods and straining family networks. 

City leaders argue that reviving Christmas is essential not only for symbolic reasons, but also to stabilize employment in hotels, restaurants, souvenir shops, and transport services that depend almost entirely on the holiday season.

Despite the return of festivities, conditions remain far from normal. 

Hotel occupancy for the 2025 Christmas season is projected at around 70 percent, an improvement compared with the near-collapse of tourism in 2023 and 2024 but still well below pre-war levels. 

The number of foreign pilgrims and tour groups remains limited, reflecting continued regional instability and travel hesitations.

Bethlehem’s mayor, Maher Canawati, and other local officials have stressed that celebrations are deliberately restrained. 

Decorations and events are meant to signal resilience and hope, not forgetfulness. Over 70,000 people have been reported killed in Gaza since the war began, according to Gaza health authorities, and violence and tension persist in parts of the West Bank. These realities continue to shape public sentiment in Bethlehem, even as the city marks the Nativity.

The decision to resume Christmas celebrations has not been without controversy. 

Some residents questioned whether public festivities were appropriate while suffering continues so close by. 

Others argued that canceling Christmas indefinitely would deepen economic despair and extinguish one of the city’s most powerful messages to the outside world.

For many in Bethlehem, the return of Christmas is framed as an act of quiet defiance and cautious optimism. 

As of Christmas Eve 2025, the city is again illuminated with lights and gatherings, offering a subdued but persistent message of peace from one of Christianity’s most symbolic sites. 

The celebrations reflect a community seeking to heal, sustain itself economically, and reassert its identity amid a region still marked by more than two years of war.

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Middle East

Bennett Turns Up The Heat On Netanyahu As Elections Loom

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Former Israeli PM Naftali Bennett criticized Netanyahu’s war strategy, outlining faster high-intensity alternatives for Gaza and Iran. His criticizm of Netenyahu intensifies as elections are due by October 2026.

Former Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett criticized Netanyahu’s handling of Israel’s wars and his incapability to rein in far-right minister Itamar Ben-Gvir.

He positioned himself as a sharper, faster alternative ahead of elections due by October 27, 2026.

Ben-Gvir Is Hurting Israel

Bennett said it is costly for Netanyahu’s coalition to depend on National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir.

“Israel’s international standing is so bad. It’s shocking, largely because of failures and statements made by government ministers,” he said.

“Netanyahu knows that Ben-Gvir’s repeated stunts are enormously harmful to Israel. They damage our standing in the United States and undermine Trump’s ability to help us. But Netanyahu is incapable of putting Ben-Gvir in his place because he depends on him.”

He reminded an earlier remark regarding nuking Gaza: “When you have a minister who stupidly says, ‘We’re going to nuke Gaza,’ you pay a huge, huge international price with zero benefit,”

“And your credit pool empties, and then by the time you actually need it for material, for serious stuff, you’ve run out of credit.”

Bennett Rejected a Palestinian Consulate In East Jarusalem

Bennett examplifying his stance on the face of ally pressure, said “Biden pressured Netanyahu to agree to the establishment of an American consulate for Palestinians in East Jerusalem. Netanyahu had agreed in principle to establish it.”

“Then I entered office, and Biden told me: ‘I demand that you establish the consulate.’”

“And I told him: ‘Mr. President, Jerusalem is the capital of only one state – the State of Israel. I must refuse.'”

A Strategy of “Siege” Is More Effective For Gaza

Bennett outlined an alternative tactical framework for Gaza based on isolation and siege rather than sustained urban warfare.

“We would isolate areas, apply a full siege on those areas and let the citizens out and trap the terrorists,” Bennett said.

Bennett also offered a striking observation on Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar’s decision to launch the October 7 attacks.

“Do you know what Sinwar’s greatest strategic mistake was? That he attacked. Because we were on the path to self-destruction.”

A Game on Iran Already Started With Mossad

On Iran, Bennett described a multi-layered strategy he said he had already begun putting in motion during his time in office:

“We need to embark on a multi-year, long-term strategy of accelerating the collapse of the regime – not only through kinetic action while ensuring they don’t achieve a nuclear weapon before,” he said.

“The actions that I had begun with the Mossad and other groups are about 30 different actions. Not only bombing. I’m talking about economic actions. I’m talking about cyber, overt, covert.”

Bennett has previously described himself as Iran’s “worst nightmare” if returned to power.

His Together alliance, nationalist in orientation but secular and more moderate in style than Netanyahu’s current far-right coalition partners, aims to peel away right-leaning voters frustrated with Netanyahu’s legal troubles, the judicial reform crisis, and what Bennett calls governance failures since October 7.

Bennett founded a new party in 2025 called Bennett 2026, and allied with centrist Yair Lapid of Yesh Atid to form a joint list called Together (Beyachad), which Bennett leads.

The alliance has polled in double digits for Knesset seats and is considered one of the most significant electoral threats to Netanyahu’s Likud-led coalition.

Bennett previously ousted Netanyahu once, in 2021.

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Middle East

Iran Formed Secret Iraqi Cells to Strike Gulf Nations: Report

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Iran’s Revolutionary Guards have established secretive new cells in Iraq to conduct drone attacks against Gulf countries hosting American forces, bypassing established proxy networks to maintain operational secrecy and avoid detection.

Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps has established secretive new cells in Iraq to execute attacks against Gulf countries hosting American forces.

The strategy intentionally bypasses established militia networks to avoid detection, according to eight Iraqi sources who told Reuters.

The covert network comprises three or four elite cells, each containing approximately 10 Iraqi Shi’ite fighters.

These units launched at least seven drone attacks from desert locations near Basra and Samawa against targets in Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates between April 20 and May 17.

Tactical Shift Under Economic Strain

The formation of these directly controlled units represents a significant shift in Iranian tactical operations.

The strategy aims to preserve Tehran’s regional force projection at a time when its traditional proxy network is diminished and its economic resources are depleted.

While some members were selected from the Islamic Resistance in Iraq umbrella group, these new cells operate entirely outside its command structure.

The units report directly to the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.

The development follows signals from established Iraqi Shi’ite factions that they intend to disarm and transition into domestic politics.

This shift is intended to prevent direct conflict with the administration of U.S. President Donald Trump.

Regional Deniability and Plausible Cover

Operating smaller, highly radicalized cadres allows Tehran to maintain plausible deniability.

The arrangement insulates major Iran-backed political groups in Baghdad from Western retaliation and reduces U.S. pressure on the Iraqi government to disband them.

The newer groups operate under unfamiliar names with minimal public profiles.

They prioritize strict ideological loyalty and low operational footprints over mass recruitment.

The U.S. State Department has reiterated expectations that the Iraqi government dismantle all instruments of Iranian activity on its soil.

Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi and U.S. Envoy Tom Barrack recently discussed comprehensive disarmament plans for groups operating outside state control.

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Middle East

Strait of Hormuz Transit Fees Waived for 60-Day Period, PGSA Confirms

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The Persian Gulf Strait Authority has confirmed that all security, safety, and environmental service fees for vessels transiting the Strait of Hormuz will be waived, but strictly within a specified 60-day period following the Islamabad Memorandum of Understanding.

The Persian Gulf Strait Authority (PGSA) confirmed Friday that vessels transiting the Strait of Hormuz will not be charged fees, though the waiver is strictly limited to an announced 60-day period.

The temporary financial relief follows the signing of the Islamabad Memorandum of Understanding and subsequent instructions from relevant authorities.

Fees After 60 Days?

During this designated 60-day window, the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran will also provide related insurance coverage for transiting vessels.

The suspension of service fees applies strictly to the specified timeframe, after which standard regulations are expected to resume.

Pre-Transit Mandates

To avoid operational delays at the strategic waterway’s entrance or exit, the authority has instituted mandatory pre-transit requirements.

Vessels must submit a formal transit request through official channels at least 48 hours prior to arriving in the strait area.

The application must include all required information, specifically vessel contact details and the exact route.

Safety Coordination Protocols

The PGSA cited special conditions and certain safety risks along the transit route as the basis for tightened oversight.

To ensure safe navigation and prevent maritime incidents, every vessel is required to coordinate its route and transit timing before entering the area.

The authority noted that failure to comply with these coordination and filing protocols remains the vessel owner’s sole responsibility.

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